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Patricia A. Markus

Raleigh
T (919) 755-8850
F (919) 838-3120
vCard

Trish Markus is a partner in the Raleigh, North Carolina office of Smith Moore Leatherwood LLP, where she advises health care providers on regulatory compliance, operational, and reimbursement issues, with an emphasis on health information privacy and security issues. Since 2006, Trish has participated in several state and national efforts to further the adoption of electronic health records and foster increased electronic health information exchange. Trish represents several North Carolina health information exchange organizations and has counseled them on exchanging information through the Nationwide Health Information Network and on operational, HIPAA privacy and security, and patient consent issues. She is a frequent author and lecturer on a variety of topics, including health information exchange initiatives, HIPAA privacy and security compliance, HITECH Act breach notification and identity theft issues, health information technology contracts, payor audits and revenue integrity issues, fraud and abuse and false claims, and physician and hospital acquisitions and contracting issues.

Education

  • J.D., Boston College Law School, 1992
  • B.A., English, with honors, Haverford College, 1989

Admissions

  • North Carolina, 1996
  • Illinois, 1992

Achievements

  • Listed, The Best Lawyers in America® (Woodward/White, Inc.), Health Care Law (2009-2013)
  • Triangle Business Journal's 2012 Women In Business Award

Professional Memberships

  • Chair, American Health Lawyers Association, HIT Practice Group, 2012 - present; Vice Chair, 2008-2012
  • Chair, Health Law Section, North Carolina Bar Association, 2012-2013; Health Law Section Council, 2006-2009
  • American Health Lawyers Association, Co-leader for the Privacy and Security Compliance and Enforcement Affinity Group, HIT Practice Group, 2006-2008
  • Health Information Exchange Council, American Health Information Management Association, 2008
  • Member, Communications Committee, North Carolina Bar Association, 2002-present 
  • e-HIM Workgroup on HIM in Health Information Exchange, American Health Information Management Association, 2007
  • North Carolina Society of Healthcare Attorneys; President, 2003-2004; Board of Directors, 2000-2007
  • Co-editor, HIT News, newsletter of the Health Information & Technology Practice Group of AHLA, Spring 2006
  • Member, Health Information Management Systems Society
  • Co-editor, Prognosis, newsletter of Health Law Section of North Carolina Bar Association and North Carolina Society of Healthcare Attorneys, 2000-2003

Civic and Community Service

  • Co-chair, Legal Work Group and Implementation Plan Work Group, North Carolina Health Information Security and Privacy Collaboration (HISPC) Project
  • Young Executives Committee and Corporate Council, American Heart Association Greater Raleigh Heart Gala, 2003
  • Volunteer, Project Together, 1997-1998

Experience

  • Clerkship, Justice Robert W. Cook, Illinois Appellate Court, Fourth District
  • Clerkship, Justice Willis P. Whichard, North Carolina Supreme Court

Publications

  • Co-author, "An Annotated Guide to the HITECH Omnibus Rule," American Health Lawyers Association Topical Insight Series, March 2013
  • "Finally! The HIPAA Final Rule is Here—and it’s Complicated," Health Care Law Note, February 2013
  • "Top Ten Health Law Issues 2013: Greater Focus on Using, and Protecting the Privacy and Security of, Patient Information," Connections, American Health Lawyers Association, February 2013
  • "Data Breach Reporting After HITECH: Welcome to the Land of Oz," Health Law Handbook (2012 Ed.), WestGroup, a Thomson Company
  • "Providers Beware: North Carolina Medicaid Re-Enrollment Process Contains Traps for the Unwary," MedNotes, Medical Mutual Insurance Company of North Carolina, Spring 2012
  • "How to Safely Communicate by E-mail with Patients," MedNotes, Medical Mutual Insurance Company of North Carolina, Fall 2011
  • Co-Author, "Walking the Social Media Tightrope: Understanding the Risks that Surround Social Media," MedNotes, Medical Mutual Insurance Company of North Carolina, Fall 2011
  • Quoted extensively in "Avoid these HIPAA Land Mines Involving Your Practitioners' Cell Phones," by Torrey Kim, vol. 12 Part B Insider No. 31, pp. 244-246, September 2011
  • "Accounting of Disclosures NPRM Also Would Require Accounting of Access," Health Care Law Note, June 2011
  • "Coming Soon to a Provider Near You: Increased HIPAA Enforcement," LegalHIMformation, June 2011
  • Co-Author, "A Snapshot of Patient Privacy - Why New Camera Technologies Present a Challenge for Health Care Facilities," SML Perspectives, December 2010 
  • “In the Rush to Achieve Meaningful Use, Don’t Forget HIPAA Security Requirements,” MedNotes, Medical Mutual Insurance Company of North Carolina, Winter 2010
  • "'Tiger Team's Privacy Recommendations to ONC: Trust is Key," HIT Practice Group E-Alert, American Health Lawyers Association, August 25, 2010
  • "The HITECH Proposed Rule, Practically Speaking: Comments, Please?", July 2010
  • Quoted extensively in "Negative Exposure," by Alice Shepherd, Vol. 22 For The Record No. 11, p. 10, June 7, 2010
  • "HITECH Breach Notification Evaluation," HIT Bytes, American Health Lawyers Association, January 25, 2010
  • Co-Author, "HIPAA goes 'HITECH': Privacy Considerations Under the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act," September 2009
  • Co-Author, "The Economic Stimulus Package: Changes to HIPAA," LegalHIMformation, March 2009
  • Co-Author, "Cell Phone Camera Use in Healthcare Facilities:  Shutter It," HIT News, January 2009
  • "Recovery Audit Contractors Are Coming—Part II," October 2008
  • "Recovery Audit Contractors Are Coming—Part 1," April 2008
  • Quoted extensively in "Regulatory Compliance:  Privacy and Security Concerns," Charlotte Medical News, March 2008.
  • Co-Author, "Legislative Update:  New NC Law Governing Release of PHI," Prognosis, February 2008.
  • Co-author, "HIM Principles in Health Information Exchange," Journal of American Health Information Management Association, September 2007
  • "Legislative Update:  New NC Law Governing Release of PHI," July 2007
  • Co-Author, "Convicted Sex Offenders And Ramifications For Healthcare Facilities," AHLA Health Lawyers Weekly, April 13, 2007
  • "New Stark and Anti-Kickback Statute Exceptions for E-Prescribing and EHRs," August 2006
  • Co-Author, "HIPAA Preemption: Making a Federal (Question) Case Out of It," HIT News, May 2006
  • Co-Author, "DHHS Issues Final HIPAA Enforcement Provisions," HIT News, May 2006
  • "DHHS Issues Final HIPAA Enforcement Provisions," March 2006
  • Quoted extensively in "Research Power," by Laura Gater, vol. 17 For the Record No. 20, p. 25, September 26, 2005
  • "DOJ on HIPAA: We Can't Criminally Prosecute Individuals," July 2005
  • "DHHS Issues HIPAA Enforcement Provisions," May 2005
  • "Security Rule Blues – The Compliance Deadline Has Passed – Now What?," Physicians Practice, May 2005
  • "Informed Consent, It's Not Just a Piece of Paper," Physicians Practice, April 2005
  • Co-Editor, North Carolina Health Information Management Association, Legal Reference Manual, 2004 (5th Ed.)
  • "Draft Report of HIPAA Security Rule Workgroup," Co-Author, North Carolina Society of Healthcare Attorneys, Inc., October 22, 2004
  • "Stark Phase II Regulations Finally Issued; Both Flexibility and Rules Emphasized," April 2004
  • "A New Burden for Self-Insured Employers: HIPAA Compliance," Business Leader Magazine, March 2004
  • "Post-Implementation Assessment: HIPAA Privacy Compliance Needs Periodic Verification," Healthcare Informatics, February 2004
  • "Final Rule Clarifies EMTALA Responsibilities for Hospitals," September 2003
  • "HIPAA Conformance Act Legislation Might Ease Compliance Burden," Prognosis, April 2003
  • "Advance Directives: Who's in Control?" North Carolina Lawyers Weekly, November 25, 2002
  • "HIPAA Extension for Business Associate Agreements: Read the Fine Print," November 15, 2002
  • Co-author, "HR Departments Need to Prepare for Upcoming Deadline," Triad Business News, May 31, 2002
  • "Proposed Changes to HIPAA Privacy: Fewer Hoops, Many Questions," April 15, 2002
  • "How to Prepare for Compliance With the Final HIPAA Privacy Regulations," July 2001
  • "Conversations on Rural Health: Exploring Challenges," Prognosis, June 2001
  • "An Insider's View of Rural Health Today," Prognosis, June 2001
  • "OIG's Final Physician Compliance Program Guidance: Sometimes Less Is More," Prognosis, November 2000
  • "OIG Issues Special Fraud Alert on Physician Office Space Rental," February 23, 2000
  • "OIG Issues Draft Compliance Guidance for Individual and Small Group Physician Practices," June 7, 2000
  • "OIG Issues Detailed Compliance Program Guidance for Nursing Facilities," January 2000
  • "Control of Patient Records Can Be Complex," Triangle Business Journal, June 4, 1999
  • "Corporate Compliance Should Continue to Top the List of Provider Priorities," April 1999
  • "Ruling Raises Key Contractor Liability Issues," Triangle Business Journal, August 14, 1998
  • "Hospital May be Liable for Negligence of Independent Physician," July 23, 1998

Presentations and Speaking Engagements

  • Co-Presenter, "Shift Happens: HIPAA/HITECH Omnibus Rule Breach Notification Standard Will Result in Expanded Reporting," HIPAA in a HITECH World, American Health Lawyers Association, Baltimore, MD, March 22, 2013 
  • Moderator, "Top 10 Significant Issues in the HIPAA/HITECH Omnibus Rule: An Homage to Letterman," HIPAA in a HITECH World, American Health Lawyers Association, Baltimore, MD, March 22, 2013
  • Co-Presenter, "The HIPAA/HITECH Omnibus Rule: Breach Notification 2.0," Pennsylvania Bar Institute's 19th Annual Health Law Institute, Philadelphia, PA, March 12, 2013
  • Co-Presenter, "HIPAA After the Final HITECH Rule," Pennsylvania Bar Institute's 19th Annual Health Law Institute, Philadelphia, PA, March 12, 2013 
  • Moderator, "The HITECH Omnibus Rule—Overview and Important Policy Changes," American Health Lawyers Association Webinar, February 25, 2013
  • Co-Presenter, "The HIPAA/HITECH Omnibus Rule: Great Expectations Meet Practical Realities," American Health Lawyers Association Hospitals and Health Systems Law Institute, Phoenix, AZ, February 13, 2013
  • Co-Presenter, "Progress and Barriers to Modernizing the Healthcare Delivery System," American Health Lawyers Association Webinar, December 10, 2012 
  • "Going Mobile: A Social Media and Electronic Communications Guide for Health Care Professionals," Wake Area Health Education Centers' Health Law & Ethics Update 2012, Raleigh, NC, December 8, 2012
  • Co-presenter, "Building the NC HIE: A Framework for Connecting Providers in North Carolina," North Carolina Health Care Information and Communications Alliance Annual Conference, Greensboro, NC, September 10, 2012
  • Co-presenter, "Looking Ahead at Health Information Issues: New Rules, New Organizations--and New Types of Agreements," American Health Lawyers Association Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL, June 26 and 27, 2012
  • Co-presenter, "NC HIE Participation Agreement: What You Need to Know," North Carolina Society of Health Care Attorneys Webinar, May 8, 2012
  • Co-presenter, "2012 Update on HIM, HIE, and HIT," North Carolina Health Information Management Association 2012 Annual Meeting, Raleigh, NC, May 2, 2012
  • Co-presenter, "2012 Trends, Developments and Issues in HIPAA, HITECH, and HIT," North Carolina Health Care Information and Communications Alliance 8th Annual Academic Medical Center Conference, Chapel Hill, NC, April 23, 2012
  • Co-presenter, "Trends, Developments and Issues in HIPAA, HITECH, and Health Information Technology," Pennsylvania Bar Institute's 18th Annual Law Institute, Philadelphia, PA, March 13, 2012
  • Co-presenter, "Accounting of Disclosures NPRM: Comments from the Multitude," North Carolina Society of Health Care Attorneys Annual Meeting, Chapel Hill, NC, October 28, 2011
  • "Don't Forget to Negotiate Your EHR Contract!", North Carolina Medical Society Annual Meeting, Raleigh, NC, October 22, 2011
  • "Practical Approaches to Data Breach Protection in the Electronic Age," North Carolina Health Care Financial Management Association Summer Matrix Meeting, Concord, NC, July 27, 2011
  • Co-presenter, "Significant Risk of Harm: Coping with Breaches, Enforcement, and Other Fallout under HITECH's Breach Reporting and Enforcement Rules," American Health Lawyers Association Annual Meeting, Boston, MA, June 29, 2011
  • Co-presenter, "New Requirements for Business Associates and Subcontractors: New Liabilities for Covered Entities," North Carolina Health Care Information and Communications Alliance, 7th Annual Academic Medical Center Conference, Chapel Hill, NC, May 23, 2011
  • Moderator, "Handling Compliance Challenges in EHR and HIE," American Health Lawyers Association, Challenges and Solutions Involving Electronic Health Records and Health Information Exchange, Washington, D.C., April 27, 2011
  • Co-Presenter, "How Does Health Information Exchange Actually Work?", American Health Lawyers Association, Physician Organizations and Hospitals and Health Systems Law Institutes, Las Vegas, NV, February 9 and 10, 2011
  • "RAC + MIC + ZPIC = More Billing Audits on the Way," Greater Greensboro Society of Medicine, Greensboro, NC, November 11, 2010 
  • "MIC + ZPIC + RAC = More Billing Audits on the Way," Medical Mutual Insurance Company Webinar, November 10, 2010
  • "Regulatory Compliance Issues Facing Physicians," Medical Mutual Insurance Company 2010 Medical Malpractice Litigation Seminar, November 5, 2010
  • Co-Presenter, "How to Select an EHR That Fits Your Practice (and Your Budget)," Medical Mutual Insurance Company Webinar, October 19 and 27, 2010
  • "HIPAA After HITECH: What’s New?", Triangle Medical Managers, Research Triangle Park, NC, October 14, 2010
  • Co-presenter, "How Do We Get to Meaningful Use?", Medical Mutual Insurance Company Webinar, September 21 and 23, 2010
  • Moderator, "The HITECH NPRM: Expansion of HIPAA's Protections for EHR Privacy and Security, and Impact on Health Plans and Healthcare Providers," American Health Lawyers Association Webinar, August 31, 2010
  • Co-presenter, "HIT Hits the Fan: An Overview of the 2009 and 2010 HITECH Regulations," American Health Lawyers Association Annual Meeting, Seattle, WA, June 28 and 30, 2010
  • Co-presenter, "Health Care Reform: What's on Tap for Physicians?," North Carolina Medical Group Management Association, Raleigh, NC, June 15, 2010
  • Co-presenter, "Responding to the Breach Notification Requirements," NCHICA 6th Academic Medical Center Conference, Meaningful Privacy and Security, Chapel Hill, NC, June 7, 2010
  • Co-presenter, "AcHIEving Meaningful U$e: Health Information Exchange in North Carolina," North Carolina Bar Association, Health Law Section Annual Meeting, Cary, NC, April 16, 2010
  • "HIPAA 2.0: Practical Implications of ARRA Changes and New Enforcement Provisions," North Carolina Medical Group Managers and North Carolina Medical Society Foundation, Webinar, April 15, 2010
  • Moderator, "The Meaningful Use NPRM, Part II: Drill Down on Key Issues," American Health Lawyers Association Webinar, March 4, 2010
  • Co-Presenter, "Practical Implications of Breach Notification: Minimize Your Risks," American Health Lawyers Association, HIT Practice Group Mid-Year Meeting Luncheon, Hospitals and Health Systems Law Institute, Miami, FL, February 25, 2010 
  • "What's Meaningful Use Got to Do with HIT?", Webinar, February 18, 2010
  • "Upping the Ante: Privacy and Security in an HIE Environment," North Carolina Hospital Association, NCHA Presents HITECH: What's in it for My Hospital?, Greenville and Asheville, NC, January 22 and 28, 2010
  • "How to Protect Your Hospital from 'HITECH' Business Associates," Southern Atlantic Healthcare Alliance, January 19, 2010
  • Co-presenter, "Breach Notification: A Case Study in Three Acts," American Health Lawyers Association Webinar, January 6, 2010
  • "Recovery Audit Contractors: Can You Dodge the RACket?", Medical Mutual Insurance Company, Charlotte, Wilmington, Raleigh, and Greenville, NC, October 2009
  • "How 21st Century Technology May Affect Informed Consent for HIE," NCHICA Annual Conference, Asheville, NC, September 21, 2009
  • "21st Century Consent: Health Information Exchange in a Networked World," AHIMA Legal EHR Summit, Chicago, IL, August 17, 2009
  • "HIPAA 2.0:  Practical Implications of ARRA Changes and New Enforcement Provisions," Texas Association of Community Health Centers, Inc., Webinar, July 17, 2009
  • "Privacy and Security Enforcement: A Key to the NHIN?", American Health Lawyers Association Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C., June 30, 2009
  • Co-Presenter, "HISPC June Seminar Series Intrastate and Interstate Consent Policy Options," RTI International Webinar, June 18, 2009
  • "Recovery Audit Contractors:  Can you Dodge the RACket?", North Carolina Medical Group Managers Spring Conference, Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, April 30, 2009
  • "RAC Audits:  Corporate Compliance Redux?", North Carolina Bar Association, Health Law Section Annual Meeting, Cary, North Carolina, April 23, 2009
  • "To Consent or Not Consent in a Networked World?," Health Information Security and Privacy Collaboration National Meeting, Bethesda, Maryland, March 4, 2009
  • "Health Information Sharing: A Plethora of Compliance, Privacy and Security Issues," NCHICA Academic Medical Center Security and Privacy Conference, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, March 2, 2009 
  • "Consumer Consent in the 21st Century," Quality Committee of the North Carolina Medical Society, Raleigh, North Carolina, February 27, 2009
  • "Raising a Red Flag: Understanding the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act, the 'Red Flag' Regulations, and Their Impact On Physicians," North Carolina Medical Society, Webinar, February 11, 2009
  • "Health Information Privacy in the 21st Century," Carolina Privacy Officials Network Privacy Day Event, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, January 26, 2009
  • "Raising a 'Red Flag':  Understanding the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act, the 'Red Flag' Regulations, and Their Impact on Health Care Providers," Audio Seminar, October 23, 2008
  • "Compliance Audits:  It's Not Just About RACs," North Carolina Medical Group Managers, Webinar, October 8, 2008
  • "Release of Medical Information in North Carolina," Lorman Education Services, Raleigh, North Carolina, September 12, 2008
  • "Compliance Audits:  It's Not Just About RACs," Triangle Medical Managers, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, September 11, 2008
  • "Consent to Participate in HIE:  North Carolina and National Perspectives," North Carolina Healthcare Information and Communications Alliance Annual Meeting, Greensboro, North Carolina, September 8 and 10, 2008
  • "Compliance Audits:  It's Not Just About RACs," Audio Seminar, June 12, 2008
  • "The Physician/Patient Relationship: Avoiding the Sand Traps," Wilmington, North Carolina, June 10, 2008
  • "Health Information Exchanges:  State of Affairs in Information Sharing," American Health Lawyers Association, HIT Practice Group Mid-Year Meeting Luncheon, Hospitals and Health Systems Law Institute, Orlando, Florida, February 14, 2008.
  • "Reducing Legal Barriers to Health Information Exchange in North Carolina," Privacy and Security Solutions National Conference, Washington, DC, November 1, 2007
  • "Health Information Exchange in North Carolina:  Road to the Nationwide Health Information Network," North Carolina Society of Health Care Attorneys Annual Meeting, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, October 19, 2007
  • "Current Regulatory Issues in Sharing Health Information Technology," Southern Atlantic Healthcare Alliance, Chief Information Officers' Meeting, Cary, North Carolina, August 21, 2007
  • "HIPAA Privacy and Security Heightened Enforcement:  Survive New HHS Compliance Audits," Strafford Publications Audio Seminar, August 1, 2007
  • "General Principles Concerning Medical Records," Medical Records Law in North Carolina, Lorman Education Services, Raleigh, North Carolina, June 22, 2007
  • "Nuts and Bolts of Contracting," Women In Law for Women In Business, Cary, North Carolina, May 9, 2007
  • "2007 Compliance Issues and Risk Areas," North Carolina Health Information Management Association, Southeastern Region Meeting, Clinton, North Caroilna, April 13, 2007
  • "Release of Information Update," North Carolina Health Information Management Association Fall 2006 Workshop, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, November 17, 2006
  • "Regional Health Information Organizations: Now Is the Time," Southern Atlantic Health Alliance, Raleigh, North Carolina, July 27, 2006
  • "HIPAA and Litigation: Recent Case Decisions," American Health Information Management Association Privacy Institute, San Diego, California, October 16, 2005
  • "Solutions to Sticky HIPAA Issues," American Health Information Management Association Audio Seminar, April 19, 2005
  • "HIPAA and Security: What You Really Need to Do," Administrative Team, Maria Parham Medical Center, Henderson, North Carolina, January 5, 2005
  • "Corporate Compliance . . . or Corporate Complacency?" North Carolina Chapter of the American Society for Healthcare Risk Management, Greensboro, North Carolina, November 5, 2004
  • "HIPAA and Security: What You Really Need to Do," Louisiana Chapter of Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society, New Orleans, Louisiana, October 8, 2004
  • "HIPAA Security Compliance: Legal Management of an I.T. Process," North Carolina Hospital Association, Cary, North Carolina, March 16-17, 2004; Charlotte, North Carolina, June 17, 2004
  • "Health Care Contracting Strategies," Health Law Primer, Southern Pines, North Carolina, November 21, 2003
  • "HIPAA Compliance and Privacy Issues, HIPAA in a Nutshell: Cracking the Confidentiality Code," National Business Institute, Raleigh, North Carolina, September 25, 2003
  • "HIPAA Privacy Documents for the County's Compliance," Staff, Union County Health Department, Monroe, North Carolina, May 16, 2003
  • "Practical Considerations of HIPAA Compliance," Medical Staff, Southwestern Health System, Inc., Murphy, North Carolina, March 11, 2003
  • "Practical Considerations of HIPAA Compliance," Medical Staff, Lexington Memorial Hospital, Lexington, North Carolina, March 10, 2003
  • "Organized Health Care Arrangements: Making Sense of the Confusion," Administrative Team, Lexington Memorial Hospital, Lexington, North Carolina, January 22, 2003
  • "Organized Health Care Arrangements: What's the Big Deal?" Medical Staff, Duplin General Hospital, Kenansville, North Carolina, January 7, 2003
  • "How the HIPAA Privacy Rule Will Affect County Governments," Union County, North Carolina, December 10, 2002
  • "Organizational Designation Options," Maria Parham Hospital, Henderson, North Carolina, December 16, 2002
  • "How the HIPAA Privacy Rule Will Affect County Governments," Cleveland County, North Carolina, December 10, 2002
  • "Practical Legal Considerations of HIPAA Compliance," North Carolina Society for Social Work Leadership In Health Care, Asheville, North Carolina, December 6, 2002
  • "Practical Considerations of HIPAA Compliance," Medical Staff Executive Committee, Alamance Regional Medical Center, Burlington, North Carolina, October 1, 2002
  • "HIPAA Privacy Compliance—Management Training Workshop," Wayne Memorial Hospital, Goldsboro, North Carolina, September 24, 2002
  • "Withholding and Discontinuing Extraordinary Means," Medical Executive Committee, Randolph Hospital, Asheboro, North Carolina, August 14, 2002
  • "Practical Legal Considerations of HIPAA Compliance," North Carolina Medical Society, Pinehurst, North Carolina, August 7, 2002
  • "Practical Implications of HIPAA Compliance for Physicians," Medical Staff at Brunswick Community Hospital, Supply, North Carolina, April 23, 2002
  • "Practical Implications of HIPAA Compliance for Physicians," Key IPA, Raleigh, North Carolina, February 13, 2002
  • "Practical Legal Considerations of HIPAA Compliance," Larsen Allen–Cherry Baekert Team Meeting, Charlotte, North Carolina, December 6, 2001
  • "Practical Legal Considerations of HIPAA Compliance," Virginia Chapter of Healthcare Financial Management Association, Chesapeake, Virginia, November 29, 2001
  • "Practical Legal Considerations of HIPAA Compliance," Perigee Seminar, Raleigh, North Carolina, November 1, 2001
  • "An Effective Corporate Compliance Program: Why You Need One and How to Develop It," Medicaid, Medicare, and Medical Assistance in North Carolina, Raleigh, North Carolina, September 11, 2001
  • "Confidentiality of Records," Mental Health and the Law in North Carolina, Medical Educational Services, Raleigh, North Carolina, June 23, 2000
  • "The Feds and Fraud: What it Means for Physicians," Piedmont Health Alliance, Hickory, North Carolina, June 15, 2001
  • "Advance Directives in North Carolina," Lexington Memorial Hospital, Lexington, North Carolina, June 8, 2000
  • "Corporate Compliance Programs: Why You Need One and How to Develop It," Health Care Corporate Compliance Programs in North Carolina, Lorman Education Services, Raleigh, North Carolina, February 10, 2000
  • "A Question and Answer Guide to Advance Directives in North Carolina," North Carolina Legal Issues in the Medical Office, Lorman Education Services, Raleigh, North Carolina, April 27, 1999
  • "The Duty to Disclose Medical Information," Confidentiality of Medical Records in North Carolina, Lorman Education Services, Fayetteville, North Carolina, November 11, 1998
  • "The Duty to Disclose Medical Information," Confidentiality of Medical Records in North Carolina, Lorman Education Services, Raleigh, North Carolina, July 21, 1998